BYTETOOLS

Density Calculator

Solve density = mass / volume for any variable in g/cm³, kg/m³ or lb/ft³, with specific gravity and a reference table of common material densities.

2.5
Density (g/cm³)
2,500
Density (kg/m³)
156.069901
Density (lb/ft³)
2.5
Specific gravity

Density — ρ = m ÷ V

  • Mass: 250 g · 0.25 kg · 0.551156 lb
  • Volume: 100 cm³ · 0.1 L · 0.003531 ft³
  • Result shown in your chosen unit: 2.5 g/cm³
  • Specific gravity 2.5 — this material would sink in fresh water.
  • Closest common material in the table below: Glass.

Reference densities

Materialg/cm³kg/m³lb/ft³
Water (4 °C)11,00062.43
Water (25 °C)0.99799762.24
Ice (0 °C)0.91791757.25
Sea water1.0251,02563.99
Air (20 °C, 1 atm)0.00121.2040.08
Ethanol0.78978949.26
Petrol / gasoline0.7575046.82
Olive oil0.91891857.31
Whole milk1.031,03064.3
Pine wood (dry)0.550031.21
Oak wood (dry)0.7575046.82
Dry sand1.61,60099.88
Brick1.91,900118.61
Concrete2.42,400149.83
Glass2.52,500156.07
Granite2.72,700168.56
Aluminium2.72,700168.56
Diamond3.513,510219.12
Titanium4.514,510281.55
Zinc7.147,140445.74
Steel7.857,850490.06
Iron7.8747,874491.56
Nickel8.9088,908556.11
Copper8.968,960559.35
Silver10.4910,490654.87
Lead11.3411,340707.93
Mercury13.53413,534844.9
Gold19.319,3001,204.86
Platinum21.4521,4501,339.08

Reference values are typical figures at about 20–25 °C and 1 atm. Real samples vary with temperature, purity, alloy, moisture content and porosity, so treat them as indicative rather than exact.

What is the Density Calculator?

Density is mass divided by volume: ρ = m ÷ V. A 250 g object occupying 100 cm³ has a density of 2.5 g/cm³, which is 2,500 kg/m³ or about 156 lb/ft³.

  • Solves for density, mass or volume
  • Metric and imperial mass, volume and density units
  • Specific gravity with a float-or-sink verdict
  • Reference table of around 30 common materials
  • Names the closest matching material to your result
  • Fully client-side — no data leaves your browser

How to use the Density Calculator

  1. 1

    Choose whether to solve for density, mass or volume.

  2. 2

    Enter the two known values and pick their units.

  3. 3

    Read the density in g/cm³, kg/m³ and lb/ft³ at once.

  4. 4

    Check the specific gravity to see if it floats in water.

  5. 5

    Compare against the reference table of common materials.

About the Density Calculator

The ByteTools Density Calculator solves ρ = m ÷ V for density, mass or volume. Enter the two values you know in whichever units you measured them — grams or pounds, cubic centimetres or cubic feet — and the answer comes back simultaneously in g/cm³, kg/m³ and lb/ft³ so you never have to convert by hand.

It also reports specific gravity, the ratio of the material's density to that of water, which tells you at a glance whether something will float or sink. A reference table of about 30 everyday materials, from air and ethanol through concrete and steel to gold and platinum, sits underneath, and the tool names the closest match to your result.

All the conversions and arithmetic run in your browser with JavaScript, so nothing is uploaded. The reference densities are typical values at room temperature and one atmosphere — real samples vary with temperature, alloy, moisture and porosity, so use them as a guide rather than a specification.

Frequently asked questions

How do you calculate density?

Divide mass by volume. An object weighing 250 g that displaces 100 cm³ of water has a density of 250 ÷ 100 = 2.5 g/cm³. To find mass instead, multiply density by volume.

What is the density of water?

1.000 g/cm³, or 1,000 kg/m³, at 4 °C where water is at its densest. At a more typical 25 °C it is about 0.997 g/cm³. That near-round number is why water is the reference for specific gravity.

How do I convert g/cm³ to kg/m³?

Multiply by 1,000. One gram per cubic centimetre is exactly 1,000 kilograms per cubic metre. To reach lb/ft³ instead, multiply g/cm³ by 62.428.

What is specific gravity?

It is density divided by the density of water, so it has no units. Anything with a specific gravity above 1 sinks in fresh water and anything below 1 floats. Ice at 0.917 floats; aluminium at 2.7 does not.

Why does my measured density not match the reference table?

Published densities are typical values for pure, dry material at about 20 °C. Alloys, moisture content, porosity, air bubbles in a casting and temperature all shift the real figure, and a hollow or composite object gives a bulk density rather than a material density.

Related tools